
The Law Enforcement Handbook, 4th Edition
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Features
New To This Edition
• Thoroughly updated content that reflects the latest trends in policing
• Additional photos that illustrate topics such as Traffic Accident Investigation, Airplane Accident Scene, Domestic Violence Scene, Footprints, Fingerprints, Clothing as Evidence, Firearm Tattooing, Blood Scene (Wall), Blunt Force Trauma, Arson Scene, and Drug Busts
• An expanded appendix that includes new material on WHMIS Classes and Hazard Symbols, Blood Patterns and Direction, and Types of Impact • A new chapter on Fighting Terrorism
Table of Contents
- Foreword xi
- Preface xiii
- Acknowledgments xv
PART ONE / PATROL
- Working The Streets 1
- Introduction 1
- Preparation for Patrol Duties 2
- Working Your Patrol Area 4
- Street Knowledge 11
- Developing Your Powers of Observation 14
- Checking Business Premises 17
- Investigating Suspicious Persons 20
- Dealing with Suspicious Situations 21
- Reducing Public Hazards 23
2. ON THE RECORD 25
- Notebooks 25Notebooks 25I. Notebooks 25
- Reports 31
- Obtaining Information 33
3. RESPONDING TO EMERGENCIES 39
- Approaching Emergency Situations 39
- Approaching Emergency Situations 39
- Approaching Accident Scenes 41
- Approaching Crime Scenes 42
- Homicide and Other Violent Crimes 51
4. STOPPING AND SEARCHING VEHICLES 56
- Introduction 56
- Procedures 57
- The General Vehicle Stop 58
- The High-Risk Stop 62
- Checking the Driver 65
- Searching the Suspect Vehicle 66
- Abandoned Vehicles 68
5. TRAFFIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION 71
- Introduction 71
- Launching an Accident Investigation 71
- Conducting the Accident Investigation 74
- Investigating Hit-and-Run Accidents 79
- Accidents Causing Death or Serious Injury 82
6. HAZARDS AND DISASTERS 84
- General Procedures 84
- Fallen Wires 84
- Fires 85
- Explosives 87
- Ice Storms 88
- Dangerous Gases and Chemicals 89
- Radioactive Materials 93
- Aircraft Accidents 95
7. FIGHTING TERRORISM 97
- Introduction 97
- The Nature of Terrorism 98
- Terrorism Defined 99
- Identifying Possible Terrorists 100
- Patrol Officer’s Responsibilities 102
- Likely Terrorist Targets 103
- What Is Likely to Happen During an Attack 103
8. STREET PSYCHOLOGY 105
- Domestic Gun Calls 105
- Family Disputes 110
- Hostage Situations 113
- Nuisance Offences 115
9. COMMUNITY POLICING 121
- Introduction 121
- The Principles and Practices of Community Policing 121
- Building Community Partnerships 122
- Officer Qualifications 122
- Skills and Training Required 123
- Community Policing Tactics 123
- Measuring Success 124
- Benefits of Community Policing 125
PART TWO / CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION
10. SUSPECT INTERVIEWS 127
- Introduction 127
- Prerequisites for a Successful Interview 127
- Conducting the Interview 131
- The Type A Suspect 137
- The Type B Suspect 140
- Post-Interview Procedures 144
- Conclusion 144
11. THE CRIME SCENE 146
- Introduction 146
- The Crime Scene 146
- The Search for Evidence 153
- Latent Fingerprint Evidence 159
- Clothing as Evidence 165
12. FORENSIC SCIENCE 168
- Introduction 168
- Documents 168
- Firearms 173
- Toolmark Evidence 185
- Blood 188
- Seminal Stains 193
- Blunt Trauma 195
- Hairs and Fibres 197
- Soils and Plant Materials 199
- Metals 200
- Wood 202
- Paint 203
- Glass 204
- Drugs and Poisons 206
- Shoe Prints and Tire Treads 207
- Fire Accelerants 210
13. MAJOR CASE MANAGEMENT 213
- Introduction 213
- Characteristics of a Major Case 213
- Principal Goals of Major Case Investigations 214
- Controlling the Investigation 214
- Information Control 217
- Sources of Information 219
- External Communications 221
- Identification of Suspects 224
- Modus Operandi Analysis 227
- Psychological Profiling 229
14. RAIDS AND SEARCHES 231
- Introduction 231
- Planning a Raid 231
- Conducting the Raid 234
- Evidence: Looking for Possible Places of Concealment 235
- Investigating Drug Operations: A Special Case 238
15. SURVEILLANCE 241
- Introduction 241
- Preparation for Surveillance 241
- Types of Foot Surveillance 243
- Surveillance Tactics 246
- Automobile Surveillance 250
- Fixed Surveillance 252
16. INTERNAL THEFT INVESTIGATION 254
- Introduction 254
- Investigation of Internal Thefts 256
- Prevention Techniques 257
17. CRIME BY COMPUTER 261
- Introduction 261
- Types of Computer Crime 262
- Warning Signs of Financial Computer Crime 264
- Examples of Computer-Crime Techniques 265
- Methods of Access 266
- Profile of the Computer Criminal 268
- Countermeasures 271
- Computer-Crime Investigation 272
18. IN THE WITNESS BOX 275
- Preparing for Court 275
- In Court 280
PART THREE / PERSONAL CHALLENGES
19. ETHICS 285
- Introduction 285
- Personal Factors Underlying Ethical Decisions 286
- Resolving Ethical Dilemmas 287
20. JOB STRESS 292
- Introduction 292
- The Causes and Effects of Stress 293
- Symptoms of Negative Stress Reaction (Burnout) 294
- Preventative Action 296
Appendix A: Key Word Chart—Suspect Descriptions 301
Appendix B: WHMIS Classes and Hazard Symbols 307
Appendix C: Commonly Used Drugs Chart 309
Appendix D: Blood Patterns and Direction 319
Appendix E: Types of Impact 321
Appendix F: Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms 322
Index 331
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
1. Sample Notebook Page, 32
2. A High-Risk Stop, 64
3. Druggist’s Fold, 160
4. Components of a Cartridge, 174
5. Rifling, 177
6. Shotshells, 178
7. Bullet Direction, 206
8. Identification Form, 225
9. One-Person Surveillance, 244
10. Three-Person Surveillance, 245
LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS
1. Traffic Accident Investigation, 75
2. Airplane Accident Scene, 95
3. Domestic Violence Scene, 112
4. Footprints, 151
5. Fingerprints, 159
6. Clothing as Evidence, 166
7. Firearm Tattooing, 180
8. Blood Scene (Wall), 189
9. Blunt Force Trauma, 195
10. Arson Scene, 211
11. Drug Bust, 234